Wiracarita or the story of Indian heroism that is popular in Indonesia and influences social life and cultural development is the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana. The Mahabharata consists of eighteen volumes (parwa). Each volume is divided into several parts (also called parwa) that are composed in poetic form.
The main story covers 24,000 verses. Most of the contents of this book tell us about eight days of fierce war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. The word Mahabharatayudha itself means great war between the Bharata family. According to the story, this book was compiled by Wiyasa Dwipayana. However, historians assume that it makes more sense if the book is a collection of various Brahman stories between 400 BC and 400 AD
The Ramayana Book was composed by Walmiki. This book consists of seven volumes (kanda) and was composed in the form of poetry of 24,000 verses. This book contains the struggle of Rama in recapturing his wife, Dewi Sinta (Sita), who was kidnapped by Rahwana.
In their struggle, Rama, who was always accompanied by Laksmana (his younger brother), received assistance from the monkey troops led by Sugriwa. In addition, Rama was also assisted by Gunawan Wibhisana, Rahwana's sister who was driven out by his brother because he intended to defend the truth (Rama).
The struggle caused great war and many victims fell. At the end of the story, Rahwana and his men fall and Dewi Sinta returns to Rama.
Acculturation in the field of literature can be seen in the modification of the original stories from the Mahabarata and Ramayana books with the addition of elements of the archipelago figures and events that seemed to be happening in Indonesia. One example is the addition of punakawan figures (Semar, Gareng, Petruk, bagong) in the Mahabharata story.
In fact, if we look closely in the Hindu-Buddhist religious literature in the archipelago it is difficult to find original stories such as those in his native India. The influence of Indian culture that is still preserved in Indonesian literature is ideas, concepts, and views.
Written by ChuznuL
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